Perspectives on Urban Ecology II
Shrinking Cities: Structural Changes as Opportunities for the Development
of Urban Nature and Enhanced Environmental Quality for City Dwellers

12
Conversion of Urban Brownfields for Distributive Services

Grant holder: Anke Ruckes

Due to the opening of the borders after 1989, Berlin experienced an ongoing process of suburbanisation, since a significant number of new commercial and housing areas were built up beyond the city limits. Until now, major commercial sites have emerged at the urban border, to a large extent being distribution related companies. At the same time, unfavourable demographic and social-economic conditions have an increasing negative impact on the city and their urban structures. In Berlin, these two contrary urban changes can be noticed. On the one hand the city is characterised growth and on the other hand by the phenomenon of shrinkage.

The speculative nature of development activity raises land consumption and contributes to urban sprawl. Distribution companies particularly apply to this, since the comprehensive "orchestration" of material flows requires not only new sites but also intensive infrastructures, to connect interrelated places. Due to space and traffic requirements, distributive services are increasingly established at suburban or even exurban places. The locational preference is based upon an earlier pattern of decentralisation, mainly due to cheaper land resources of suburbia, compared with the urban core, and better access to transport arterials. More recently, the suburban drift of distribution relates to locational problems within the cities: The flexible, "fluid" pattern of contemporary logistics is likely to disrupt other urban functions, such as housing. Conversely, suburban sites offer the desired "robust" environment for 24 hour operations. The growth of distributive services in suburban places produces an increase of commercial traffic in trucks, lead to mount traffic-related emissions and noise pollution, plus the consumption of non-renewable energy sources and an intensive utilization of space.

In order to minimise the negative impact of suburbanisation, the utilisation of brownfields in specific cases can be a valid solution to integrate the logistics network in the city centre. In this context, the development of recycling concepts for brownfields will play a decisive role. Urban policy will be challenged with the task to elaborate concepts.

In my research I am analysing the conditions and characteristics of brownfields, which make it suitable for its utilisation for logistics activities.

Under consideration of these recent developments I pursue the following objectives in my project: